Local diagnosis: Before making any recommendations, I investigate the actual state of public finances. How does money flow in that country? Which productive sectors drive the economy? Where are the bottlenecks—for example, tax inefficiencies or cumbersome bureaucracy? This analysis often reveals details that are not apparent in official reports.

Dialogue and consensus: I engage key stakeholders—ministers, legislators, business leaders, and even social representatives—to understand their priorities. A tailored solution must be accepted by those who implement it. Technical language must be translated into clear proposals that everyone can understand. Transparency in this dialogue is essential; responsible fiscal leadership, as I like to emphasize, begins with institutional trust.

Solution design: This is where technical creativity comes into play. For example, if a government needs to finance infrastructure but cannot raise taxes, we could structure a public-private fund in which private investors assume part of the risk, with limited guarantees from the government. Or, in another scenario, we propose a gradual tax reform focused on broadening the tax base rather than raising rates, so as not to stifle economic activity. Each financial structure (bonds, loans, trusts, PPPs, etc.) is chosen based on what best fits the country’s capacity.

Phased implementation: I recommend avoiding sudden changes. I always propose pilot projects or initial trial phases. For example, before rolling out a service nationwide or changing a subsidy scheme, I launch a small-scale project in one region to gauge its impact. This is how we iron out the details without causing political crises.

Monitoring and adjustment: A customized plan includes monitoring mechanisms. I provide clear metrics for evaluating results and recommend checkpoints. If a financial goal is not met (e.g., raising a targeted amount), we must act quickly. In my consulting work, I establish a monitoring protocol with the government itself, as ongoing flexibility is part of the tailored solution.