In this interview, the Paraguayan economist and advisor to Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele summarizes the key points of his series on Paraguay’s fiscal deficit. He analyzes the causes of the imbalance, proposes sweeping reforms to pensions, public spending, and investment, and outlines a roadmap toward a “zero deficit.” He also previews his next series: the country’s energy potential.

The quest for a zero fiscal deficit does not end in 2025; it is a long-term vision. A Paraguay with zero-based budgets and primary surpluses could invest more in health, education, and technology, thereby reducing poverty and attracting foreign investment. The cost of inaction would be “too high.” Paraguayan society, from the government down to individual citizens, must write the final chapter of this saga, deciding whether the zero deficit will be a triumph or an unfulfilled dream.